The station answers with its own nonce and the first MIC on the link, proving it derived the same key without either side sending it.
No frames match. Every filter above is a set of things to include — an empty set includes nothing. Turn some back on, or .
Everything here is true proportion on each lane's own axis. Labels float above their field and step down a row only where they would collide, so nothing is inflated to make its name fit. Zoom widens the whole diagram together and scrolls sideways, which keeps the lanes aligned.
Showing through . Deeper layers are hidden, not absent — the octets are still in the frame, and the fields below still exist. LLC and SNAP stay visible at L2 because IEEE 802.2 LLC is the upper sublayer of the data link layer, not something above it.
Each layer names the unit it receives from above differently from the unit the layer above hands down. They are the same octets. Nothing is added crossing a seam — the header you see appear was always inside the slot, and only becomes visible when the next layer subdivides it.
Select any field to read what it is and why it matters.
Structure is a property of the format; values are a property of the capture. Everything above is named and positioned whether or not you hold the passphrase — only the octets below are withheld.
159 octets, exactly as a capture tool would show them — most significant bit leftmost, which is the opposite direction from the bit strips above. Click a field to highlight its octets, or an octet to find its field.
| 0000 | ··,···^·S···^·S· | |
| 0010 | ··^·S·`········· | |
| 0020 | ·····u·········· | |
| 0030 | ···PQRSTUVWXYZ[\ | |
| 0040 | ]^_`abcdefghijkl | |
| 0050 | mno············· | |
| 0060 | ················ | |
| 0070 | ·····u+·]······· | |
| 0080 | B1···0·········· | |
| 0090 | ············r·! |
A shaded octet is shared by more than one field — several sub-octet fields live inside it, so highlighting the byte overstates any one of them.
The same frame as a hierarchy rather than a scale drawing. Proportion is useful for airtime and useless for structure — a one-bit flag and a 1500-octet payload matter equally here and not at all equally above.
Every field in this transmission and what contains what — one hierarchy from the PPDU on the air down to the application's bytes. Indentation is containment. 80 fields, 80 unverified.